To break down larger enterprises into smaller components;

1. to break down larger enterprises into smaller components;

2. to eliminate direct elections;

3. to introduce a new system of ‘voluntary social planning’.⁴⁹

Since 1974 Yugoslavia was ruled by ‘delegates’, who were given mandates by ‘delegations’, who in turn were mandated by the voters.⁵⁰

Conclusions

Tito has proved to be a remarkable statesman, whose deliberate policies, pragmatic leadership have enabled his country to survive great dangers and to build a system which had no analogue.⁵¹When Tito died in 1980 Yugoslavia was unique. It was the only communist neutral in the world.⁵²

The Yugoslav system differed from both the capitalist system and the Soviet-type socialist system. On the one side there was very little private ownership of productive assets except in agriculture; on the other there was no complete system of central planning. Yugoslavia shared with capitalism a market economy; and it shared with the SU a monopoly Marxist Party.⁵³

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. G.K.Bertch, ‘The Revival of Nationalisms’, in Problems of Communism, 1973, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 1-15

2. P.Calvocoressi, World Politics Since 1945 (6th ed., London and New York: Longman, 1991)

3. K.Dawisha, Eastern Europe, Gorbachev, and Reform: The Great Challenge (2nd ed., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990)

4. R.Lowenthall, ‘Development vs.Utopia in Communist Policy’, in Ch.Johnson (ed.), Change in Communist Systems (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1970), pp. 33-116

5. H.Lydall, Yugoslav Socialism: Theory and Practice (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984)

6. Fr.W.Neal, Titoism in Action: The Reforms in Yugoslavia after 1948 (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1958)

7. Fr.W.Neal and W.M.Fisk, ‘Yugoslavia: Towards a Markat Socialism’, in Problems of Communism, 1966, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 28-37

8. A.Z.Rubinstein, ‘Reforms, Nonalignment and Pluralism’, in Problems of Communism, 1968, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 31-41

9. D.Rusinow, The Yugoslav Experiment 1948-1974 (London: C.Hurst & Company, 1977)

10. C.A.Zebot, ‘Yugoslavia’s “Self-Management” on Trial’, in Problems of Communism, 1982, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 42-49

11. D.Wilson, Tito’s Yugoslavia (Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne:Cambridge University Press, 1979)

1D.Wilson, Tito’s Yugoslavia (Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 1979), p. 33

2D.Rusinow, The Yugoslav Experiment 1948-1974 (London: C.Hurst & Company, 1977), p. 12

3D.Wilson, op. cit., p. 38

4D.Rusinow, op. cit., p.12

5D.Wilson, op. cit., p.38

6P.Calvocoressi, World Politics Since 1945 (6th ed., London and New York: Longman, 1991), p.266

7D.Rusinow, op. cit., p.22

8F.W.Neal, Titoism in Action: The Reforms in Yugoslavia after 1948 (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1958), p. 2

9D.Wilson, op. cit., p. 47

10H.Lydall, Yugoslav Socialism: Theory and Practice (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984), p. 60

11D.Rusinow, op. cit., p. 23

12P.Calvocoressi, op. cit., p. 237

13D.Rusinow, op. cit., p. 25

14Ibid., pp. 26-27

15H.Lydall, op. cit., pp. 61-63

16D.Rusinow, op. cit., p. 27

17D.Wilson, op. cit., p.54

18D.Rusinow, op. cit., p. 29

19H.Lydall, op. cit., p. 63

20D.Wilson, op. cit., pp. 63-64

21F.W.Neal, op. cit., p. 7

22Ibid.

23Ibid., p. 8

24C.A.Zebot, ‘Yugoslavia’s “Self-Management” on Trial’, in Problems of Communism, 1082, vol. 3, no.2, p. 43

25D.Rusinow, op. cit., p. 63

26H.Lydall, op. cit., p. 71

27R.Lowenthall, ‘Development vs. Utopia in Communist Policy’, in Ch.Johnson (ed.), Change in Communist Systems (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1970), pp. 102-103

28D.Rusinow, op. cit., p.69

29K.Dawisha, Eastern Europe, Gorbachev, and Reform: The Great Challenge (2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), p. 256

30D.Rusinow, op. cit., pp. 74-75

31D.Wilson, op. cit., p.81

32H.Lydall, op. cit., p. 73

33D.Wilson, op. cit., pp. 74-75

34Ibid., p. 84

35F.W.Neal, op. cit., p.7

36D.Wilson, op. cit., p. 75

37D.Rusinow, op. cit., p. 108

38Ibid., p. 111

39H.Lydall, op. cit., p. 79

40A.Z.Rubinstein, ‘Reforms, Nonalignment and Pluralism’, in Problems of Communism, 1968, vol. 17, no. 2, p. 32

41Fr.W.Neal and W.M.Fisk, ‘Yugoslavia: Towards a Market Socialism’, in Problems of Communism, 1966, vol. 15, no. 6, p. 29

42H.Lydall, op. cit., pp. 81-82

43Ibid., p. 89

44Ibid., p. 90

45P.Calvocoressi, op. cit., p. 267

46G.K.Bertsch, ‘The Revival of Nationalisms’, in Problems of Communism, 1973, vol. 22, no. 6, p. 4

47D.Wilson, op. cit., p. 209

48K.Dawisha, op. cit., p. 271

49H.Lydall, op. cit., p. 91

50Ibid., p. 103

51D.Wilson, op. cit., p. 262

52P.Calvocoressi, op. cit., p. 269

53H.Lydall, op. cit., p. 150