Навигация
On the ways of translation the publicistic headlines
57227
знаков
0
таблиц
0
изображений
2.2 On the ways of translation the publicistic headlines
The second half of the 20th century has seen the in-depth study of translation, which is sometimes called Theory of Translation, Science of Translation, Translation Linguistics, or even Translatology.
It has been claimed abroad that translation studies began in 1972 with Holmes’s paper presented at the Third International Congress of Applied Linguistics, “The Name and Nature of Translation Studies”.1 However, unfortunately, European and American scholars seemed to have been unaware of the achievements of the Russian school of translation studies. Works by V. Komissarov, A. Shveitser, A. Fedorov and many others confirmed the status of translation studies as a discipline of its own even in the 1950s.
The main concern of translation theory is to determine appropriate translation methods for the widest possible range of texts and to give insight into the translation process, into the relations between thought and language, culture and speech.
There are several aspects of this branch of linguistics:
· General theory of translation, whose object is general notions typical of translation from any language.
· Specific (or partial, in terms of Holmes) theory of translation that deals with the regularities of translation characteristic of particular languages - for example, translation from English into Russian and vice versa.
· Special (partial) theory of translation that pays attention to texts of various registers and genres.
There are two terms corresponding to the Russian word “перевод”: translation and interpretation. Those who discriminate between the terms refer the term ‘translation’ to the written text, and the term ‘interpretation’ to oral speech. However, the terms are polysemantic: to interpret might mean “to render or discuss the meaning of the text” – an outstanding British translation theorist P.Newmark, for example, states that “when a part of a text is important to the writer’s intention, but insufficiently determined semantically, the translator has to interpret”.4 The term to translate is often referred to any (written or oral) manner of expression in another language.
We should also differentiate the terms translating and rendering. When we translate, we express in another language not only what is conveyed in the source text but also how it is done. In rendering, we only convey the ideas (the what) of the source text.
Several approaches are used for defining translation: in Newspaper Style with pragmatic value of publicistic headlines and difficulties of their translation it is grammatical features in English and Russian Headlines.
2.3 On the difficulties in translation the publicistic headlines
Often enough headings of newspapers or news on the Internet in English are difficult enough for understanding. First, they have the grammatical nuances. Secondly, in headlines use the words which are not so often used in colloquial speech. In this post we will stop on grammatical features of headlines.
1) As a rule, headlines represent incomplete sentences, that is, they consist only of keywords, without articles, auxiliary verbs etc.
4 found guilty in London bomb plot – то есть - four people have been found guilty in London bomb plot (четырех человек объявили виновными в подготовке взрывов в Лондоне);
Heavy fighting at Lebanese camp ( горячий бой произошел в ливанском лагере)
Steegmans too strong for Boonen - Steegmans is too strong for Boonen (Стигменс слишком силен для Бунена) [5]
2) In headlines simple times are used: Present Simple used, when event has already occurred or occurs. It can sometimes be used Present Continuous to underline process or change of the present situation. But, besides, it will be used without an auxiliary verb. If in headline says that will occur in future, may be it is the infinitive will be used. (A verb + a participle to) [6]
Pakistani soldiers storm mosque (солдаты Пакистана взяли штурмом мечеть);
Strong earthquake strikes Mexico - Strong earthquake has struck Mexico (сильное землетрясение обрушилось на Мексику);
NASA robot to dig on Mars ( робот НАСА будет раскапывать почву Марса);
Actress Collette expecting child – Actress Collette is expecting child (актриса Колетт ждет ребенка) [5]
3) the translation must retain the same communicative function as the source text. The description and enumeration of speech functions can be found in the work by R. Jakobson, who pointed out the following:
· informative function, i.e. conveying information: Лавры моего конкурента не дают мне спать. – I am green with envy because of the success of my competitor.
· emotive function, i.e. expressing the speaker’s emotions: На кой леший мне такой друг? – What on earth do I need such a friend for?
· poetic function, i.e. aesthetic impact:
Tiger, Tiger, burning bright,
In the forests of the night;
What immortal hand or eye,
Could frame thy fearful symmetry? (W.Blake)
Тигр, Тигр, в лесу ночном
Мрачный взгляд горит огнем.
Чья бессмертная рука
Жизнь влила в твои бока? (Пер. К.Филатовой)
These sentences have only one thing in common: general intent of communication, communication aim, or function. At first glance, the source and target texts have no obvious logical connection; they usually designate different situations, have no common semes (i.e. smallest components of meaning), and have different grammar structures.
Chapter III Establishing pragmatic value of publicistic headlines and difficulties of their translation from English into Russian
Похожие работы
... materials based on electric devices manuals are studied. In the next chapter lexical and grammatical peculiarities have been reviewed. 2. Lexical and grammatical peculiarities of scientific-technical texts In any scientific and technical text, irrespective of its contents and character, can be completely precisely translated from one language to other, even if in an artwork such branch of ...
of promoting a morpheme is its repetition. Both root and affixational morphemes can be emphasized through repetition. Especially vividly it is observed in the repetition of affixational morphemes which normally carry the main weight of the structural and not of the denotational significance. When repeated, they come into the focus of attention and stress either their logical meaning (e.g. that of ...
0 комментариев