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... say about human rights in Russia? - Now, when Russia has entered the way of democracy it is directed by the international covenants in the field of human right as the rest democratic countries of the world. Despite its great economic, political, and social difficulties the fundamental rights of the ...

... - неудача, провал independent - независимый county - округ, графство giant - великан Questions 1. When did the conflict between Protestants and Catholics in Northern Ireland start? 2. How did it develop? 3. How long did it take England to conquer Ireland? 4. What was offered to Ireland in ...

... of pollution too. There are a lot of industrial enterprises in our country, that's why we can't ignore the problem of the protection of our environment. Our main aim is the protection. Our environment must be clean. What must we do for it? We have to control atmospheric and water pollution, to ...

... , информированность immense - огромный vigour - решительные take actions - принимать действия Questions 1. When was Senator John F. Kennedy elected to the Presidency? 2. Who was John F. Kennedy's opponent? 3. What was Nixon emphasis during the TV debates? 4. What did F. Kennedy call for ...

... and most powerful propaganda factors influencing minds of the inhabitant, a symbol of success and prosperity of the person included in cyber environment. Net culture: history A Polish sociologist Jan Sсhepanski writes: Simplifying we could tell: there are the certain ideas transmitted from ...

... people. Now they are pensioners both. All her life she worked hard and now, she is still very industrious and tender-hearted. She is very good at cooking and fond of knitting. A grandma has not travelled a lot in the course of her life, and says that it is a great loss. Also, she told me that

... . I have got such a situation. My old friend, who lives in Oxford, as well as you do, has invited me to his wedding. However there’s some problem persists – I have no place to stay in during this wonderful event, because my John’s house is going to be fully occupied; all his numerous relatives are ...

... place in the world and my dearest people live here. My family and I live in Narva-Jõesuu. We live in Kudruküla Street in a 9-stored block of flats. Our apartment is on the first floor. There are three rooms in it. There is a parquet in all these rooms. The living-room is rather large. ...

... more terrible is to use untidy and dirty buses on some of the routes in the town. Summing up all the conditions that you have in Estonia, the only words describing nation state situation is “a hope in prosperity” of it. All is just in the future. Maybe inferiority regarding to other well-growing ...

... The path of Rodya’s life leads through these adventures to an acceptance of religion over individualism (even some kind of egoism). Of course, it is actually hard to read this kind of books, however not all the things in our life are going so well – there are also the bad edges of it: dreadfully re

... running, and running, and running, along with his wife Abby and Brother Ray. The ending was fairly surprising… John Grisham's novel The Firm is a furious page-turner, the kind of book that you don't want to put down once you've started reading it. The main characters are developed in such a way ...

t is also called the pearl of the Finnish Gulf and of the entire Baltic Sea coast. One of the main reasons I like Narva-Jõesuu is that only there I can find tranquility from that busy life running in the center of Narva. Fresh air coming from the nearly pine forest charges you with the ...

aveling, and I'm not an exception. I'm happy that I have traveled a lot and I hope that my recent journey wasn't the last one. This winter I have traveled to Finland, exactly to Lapland – country’s north. It is a fairyland. There are many ways of traveling - by train, by plain, by ship, on foot. ...

... means of this or that educational institution. Third, teaching sometimes offers a difficulty and is beyond students’ comprehension, because of poor-quality training aids and appliances, frequently given not in the native language. Furthermore there is usually the lack and inaccessibility of good ...

... -sized spa, Jacuzzi and power-shower etc. In this essay I would like to write about a modern invention personally I can’t live without. PC I can’t live without As for me, I can’t imagine my life without a personal computer (PC). It is so fast, convenient and reliable to work on a PC. It helps me ...

... us in our education. Libraries play an important part in the cultural development of people. We can find all kinds of books in the libraries. In some libraries we can even find books in many foreign languages. I am sure that books play a very important role in my life. Our family has got many bo

er. This involves taking a “natural” view of your strengths and weaknesses. You may think for example, that you would like a job, which involves organizing people, but liking such a job is not a sufficient reason, if experience, you already may have, suggests that this is not your strong point, ...

... were the capitals of the USA until 1800? 2. Did any of the capitals offer an ideal seat of government for the nation? Why? 3. When was it decided to establish a federal city? 4. When did the capital of the USA gain its name? 5. What did the new capital look like shortly after its foundation? 6

... of Exploration enriched Europe. Vocabulary saga - увлекательная история New World - Новый Свет successive - последующий Caribbean - карибский, относящийся к Карибскому морю exploration - исследование Age of Discovery - Age of Exploration - эпоха Великих географических открытий Ptolemy - ...

... are many books in our flats. But it is difficult to buy all books which we want to read. That's why we get books in public libraries. There are some problems in our life and sometimes it is difficult to solve them. I think that books can help us. Last year I read a very interesting book "An ...

... great wars, and the ruins provided the stimulus to build a way of life again. To a degree previously unheard of and perhaps unimaginable, the citizens of the 20th century felt free to reinvent themselves. In that task they were assisted by two profound developments - psychoanalysis and the Bomb. ...

... running for a bath or dish washing. Noise pollution is the problem of big cities too. Urban garbage - like food, paper, and cans - on the ground or in the street is one more problem of cities. People don't always put their garbage in the garbage can. Urban garbage is ugly. It makes the city look ...

... of the United States. Due to its natural advantages as a harbour, and the rising tide of immigration from all parts of the world the role of New York as the leading city accelerated. Villages grew throughout the entire area. For the visitor New York means skyscrapers, tremendous traffic, dazzling ...

... farming country. It produces milk, cream, butter, cheese and apples. Northern Island is beautiful too. In the warm, wet climate much of the land is farming. Britain is an island and there is no place to be too far from the sea Some of the coast, especially in the west, is wild and rocky, with ...

y, Russian, Physics, Geography and others. I was fond of English and Physics. And I was good at them. I think that I am honest, serious and polite. I want to get a good education and find an interesting and useful work. I have a hobby. I like to sing songs. My father likes to sing songs too. He ...

... rapid industrial development is very high: natural resources are exhausted, the ecological balance of the planet is disturbed. - How is the environmental protection problem solved today? - In recent years the pollution problems have received great publicity. The environmental movement associated ...

... изоляция invader - захватчик continuity - непрерывность proceed - продолжать turmoil - беспорядок Questions 1. What did visitors from overseas and native chroniclers think about the British characteristic features? 2. Who has been convinced of the special quality of British society? 3. What ...

... . What is it? It is a greeting card or a little present. The cards must be coloured and gay. It is possible to send flowers, cards and candy to those you love, but usually without giving the name of the sender. Valentine presents are packed in red heart-shaped boxes. I think St. Valentine's Day is

... the table and wash dishes after holiday dinner. All the members of the families try to be well dressed on this day. Some families celebrate the 8th of March going to the theatres and concerts. They buy tickets beforehand. Others prefer to invite guests and stay at home. There is almost the same ...

... of Sherlock Holmes became a name that everybody knew. Holmes first appeared in a book called "Study in Scarlet". "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes" made him famous all over the world. Conan Doyle became popular because of his love for people. He died in 1930. Список литерат

... don't think about tickets, we don't hurry up and we walk a lot. During such hikes we see a lot of interesting places, sometimes we meet interesting people. I like to travel by car. It is interesting too, because you can see many things in a short time. When we go by car, we don't take tickets too ...

green. You can see some flowers in the parks and gardens. I don't go to school and my parents don't go to work on the 1st of May. We get up at 9 o'clock and we are in a good mood. Our relatives and friends ring us up and congratulate us. Then we have our breakfast and go for a walk. Our house is ...

... on the 1st of April. We like to play jokes on the 1st of April. Our jokes are harmless and the victim of them is called an April fool. It is possible to play jokes on friends, parents, relatives. Sometimes we try to play jokes on our teachers if they have a sense of humour. We say that something is ...

... . Then he became a pilot and joined the first group of cosmonauts. In 1960 Gagarin began to prepare for the flight into space. On April 12, 1961 Yuri Gagarin flew into space and spent 108 minutes there. It was the first time in history that the Russian spaceship "Vostok" with the man ...

... many subject areas and stay current on rapid developments in industry, science, and medicine. The study of European languages is considered as part of а classic education. One could read and approach the literature, art, and architectural heritage of Europe more closely with an appreciation for, ...

... It was unforgettable. In the afternoon I took a sunshade because the sun was shining brightly. It was hot in the sunshine. In the daytime we liked to watch the sea-scape. At four o'clock we entered the port Adler. There were some ships there. We saw many people on the pier. We had some free time ...

... . Хліб мав і велике ритуальне значення. На весілля пекли коровай. Короваї виготовляли у обох молодих і ділили під час їх дарування. 4. Побут і звичаї. Духовну культуру й побуд суспільства визначав принцип корпоративності — належності індивіду до соціальної групи. Сільска територіальна община ...

... put a long sock, called a Christmas stocking at the end of their beds and Santa Claus comes down the chimney to bring them presents. Christmas Day is the greatest holiday in England. It is interesting to visit the shops before this holiday. There are a lot of nice Christmas cards and presents there ...

... times and I was glad teaching the pupils when the teacher was absent. Now I know well what I am going to do after leaving school. I want to be a teacher of English. It is a very interesting and difficult profession. It is interesting because you work with the pupils, with the personalities. It is ...

... of us go on hikes, some like to Work in their gardens, take photographs or knit. For example, gardening and growing roses is the most common hobby among Englishmen. Both grown-ups and children are fond of playing different computer games. It has become one of the numerous hobbies. I have got ...

nd some smaller ones. Nearly 3.5 million people live in the country. The capital of New Zealand is Wellington. It is a financial centre too. The city was founded in 1840 and has been the capital since 1865. The official language is English. The climate of New Zealand is moist. New Zealand is rich ...

... for seven years Music is a combination of many sounds. It reflects our mood and emotions. There are numerous folk groups in our country. It is interesting to listen to their music and songs. Last week my friends and I visited a concert of folk music. Artists danced folk dances and sang folk ...

... tо the classroom. Nor does it take а trip abroad. The world has grown closer and smaller, and that makes learning а language not just more meaningful, but also imperative. The need for foreign language skills confronts you daily. In the political arena, world leaders often cannot retire alone tо ...

... and the Yenisei and the Ob in Asia. The deepest lakes are the Baikal and the Ladoga. The Russian Federation is very rich in mineral resources, such as oil, natural gas, coal, iron, gold and others. Russia borders on many countries. Among them are Estonia, Latvia, Finland, Poland, China, Mongolia, ...

... . The British nation consists of the English, the Scots, the Welsh and the Irish. There are many people of all colours and races in the United Kingdom. The climate of Great Britain is mild. It is not too hot in summer or too cold in winter. It often rains in England. Rain falls in summer and in ...

is Alaska, the largest state, separated from the rest of the country by Canada. The population of the United States is nearly 250 million people, most of the people live in towns. People of different nationalities live in the USA, The official language of the country is English. The capital of ...

e language. It teaches volumes about the culture that uses the language being studied. Developing an understanding of а simple phrase in another language can explode the imagination. No mere translation will be able tо convey the true meaning of the phrase you understand in its original expression. ...

... actors and actresses were playing excellently. On the way home we discussed the performance with my friends. I usually go to the theatre with my friends. Visiting Theatres Text II There are many theatres in our country. If you want to see a performance or a play you must go to the theatre. ...

... for some private conversation or а tourist and native sharing а cup of tea together. Each will find differences really not so vast as we once supposed when communication was obscured by the veil of а language we did not understand. The arenas may change; they may be political, social, economic, ...

... entire Arctic coast. In the south it gives way to taiga. This coniferous forest growing on swampy ground covers more than half of the country. In European Russia, towards the south the taiga is replaced by a zone of mixed coniferous and deciduous forest which in the south transfers into mixed forest ...

... boxing our country was among the best in the world. At the 1992 Barcelona Olympics the team of our country won 45 gold medals. SPORT AND A HEALTHY MODE OF LIFE Sport is very important in our life. It is popular among young and old people. Many people do morning exercises, jog in the morning, ...

... Very often TV addicts are governed by television. - Do you have the same problems? - No, I don't. We turn on our television to watch only selected programmes. In my leisure time I read books, go to the theatre or cinema. - Do you like to go to the theatre? - Yes, I do. - Do you often go to the ...

... II розділ. Сучасний стан розвитку та характер розміщення залізниць України 2.1. Рівень розвитку та характер розміщення залізничного транспорту України 2.1.1. Сучасна схема залізничних зв'язків Залізнична мережа України по її конфігурації ортогональна. У ній є більш-менш рівнобіжні магістралі, ...

... "кислотних дощів". Природний потенціал за виробничим призначенням генетичними ознаками і ступенем вичерпності. Структура природно-ресурсного потенціалу. Природно-ресурсний потенціал. Китай - третя за площею країна світу - має значний земельний фонд, великі запаси корисних копалин, потужн ...

... is portrayed a friend of the simple folk, a symbol of liberty and fairness, and sometimes as a raging rebel who dared to quarrel with the Duke of Kiev, and who almost destroyed the City of Kiev. In the end he returned to his senses, and Ilya Murometz became the Best Warrior and the Wisest Adviser t

... Russian blood, never met by me before, now I smell it at my door. Who comes here? Where from? Where to?" "I'm looking for Fenist the Bright Falcon, Granny!" "It is no easy task to find him, my beauty, but I shall help you. Here, take this silver distaff and this gold spindle. ...

... husband. "Don't be downhearted, Prince Ivan. Go to bed; night is the mother of counsel." Now those other daughters-in-law had made fun of the frog at first, but this time they sent an old henwife to see how the frog baked her bread. But the frog was cunning and guessed what they were ...

... what it was, the scarlet flower. Cautiously, the merchant picked the flower that his youngest daughter wanted so badly. Upon picking the scarlet flower he was confronted by a hideous beast, who demanded that in return for picking the flower the merchant must send one of his daughters deep into the ...

among such valuable possession, he treasured most of all his daughter the Golden Hair Girl, whom Poloza was guarding more than all his material riches. Once upon a time Golden Hair met a handsome, nomad from the Bashkirian tribe, who was hunting nearby Poloza's Palace. They fell in love, decided to ...

... bird, and not the cage, takes the cage as well and triggers an alarm. Captured by Tsar Afron, he is told that in order to have the Fire Bird he must pay for it with the Horse of the Golden Mane, which is in possession of Tsar Kusman. The Gray Wolf carries Ivan to Kusman's palace and advises him to ...

... only to climb into one of my ears and come out through the other and your work will be done for you." And just as Brindled said, so it was. Wee Little Havroshechka would climb into one of the cow's ears and come out through the other, and behold! there lay the cloth, all woven and bleached and ...

... life, and offered in return to grant the fisherman any wish he would like. But the kindhearted fisherman asked for nothing, and returned the Golden Fish to the sea. However, the fisherman's wife was not so kindhearted, she became irate when he related the story to her, and sent him back to the sea ...

... ;reality TV" is very popular today. Millions of people watch "reality TV" series "Behind the Glass" and "The Last Hero." The major advantage of such programmes is that they are not movies based on a strict scenario. Ordinary people find themselves in extraordinary ...

... skiing, skating, and badminton. Now triathlon is one of the most popular sports in the USA. Ч comprises swimming, bicycle racing and long-distance running. Many sports are popular in Russia. There are many stadiums and public sports facilities here. Numerous national and international matches and ...

... practice of touring for pleasure, is the phenomenon of the 20-th century. Another phenomenon of the 20-th century is the Internet. It is a brand-new way of exploring the world. This symbol of the 20-th century is becoming more and more popular among the people of different ages and social standing ...

... time it is always an individual preference. And only the individual has the right to decide what is better for him. But whatever the choice is, the pleasure is undoubted. - Do you like to watch sports events on TV? - Yes, of course. It is wonderful that television is bringing all kinds of sports ...

... National Gallery. Traditionally political meetings are held here. Each December a large Christmas tree sent from Norway is erected in Trafalgar Square. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has always played an important role in world politics. - What is the name of the Queen of ...

... people who had many grievances and causes for complaint. The recent studies tend to confirm Tchijevsky's hypothesis. - Can you tell us about an outstanding American personality? - John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963), 35th president of the United States (1961-63), faced a number of foreign crises, ...

... pessimism in the attitude to school years is equally wrong. School is the place where almost everything happens with a person for the first time. School years are the time of great expectations and great emotions. Not all emotions are always pleasant. School is the first true experience of the real ...

... the net and checking their e-mail boxes. And it is a great problem of the present and future. In general all the problems of the youth are linked with the present rather then with the past or future. - Do your parents like music? - Yes, they do. They like both classic and popular music. But my ...

... with the two-man "Soyuz-19" craft. The crews performed joint experiments for two days. The joint "Apollo-Soyuz" mission achieved all its major objectives. "Salyut-1", launched April 19, 1971, was the world's first space station. In 1986 the Soviet Union launched a ...

... nation's steel and most of its heavy machinery. The Russian Federation was founded in 1991. The Constitution was adopted in 1993. Russia is a Presidential Republic. It is headed by the President. The President is commander-in-chief of the armed forces, he makes treaties, enforces laws, appoints ...

... the Iron Curtain, everyone knows about Madonna, Michael Jackson, Louis Armstrong and other icons of American music. Another field where the influence of English mass culture has been felt is fashion. Young people especially like American fashions. If you visit Tallinn, you can see many young ...

... приходити з периферійного устаткування (зовнішні переривання). Незалежно від джерела, процедура переривання, описана вище, завжди виконується однаково, як для апаратних, так і для програмних переривань. Велика частина векторів переривань зарезервована для виконання визначених дій; частина з них ...

... longer. The magic world of film comes to life before the visitor’s eyes at the Museum of Moving Image in London. Later cinema became the most popular entertaiment all over the world. There are a lot of flms to different tastes: an actoin film, an adventure film, a cartoon, a comedy, a documentary, ...

... Tourism is the phenomenon of the 20th century. In the past people set sail in search of new land and trade routes. The period of extensive travelling in called the Age of Discovery. - Is it possible to date the beginning of the Age of Discovery? - Some historians think that the Age of Discovery, ...

sisters become very jealous. These two women decided to do everything they could to make the married sister's life unhappy. Tsar Saltan soon went away to war. During his absence his queen gave birth to a healthy baby boy named Gvidon. It looked as if her dream of the future were beginning to be ...

... . It is regarded as a rare, successful modern version of the heroic epic. - Do you know anything about urban sub-cultures of the youth? - It is generally held that sub-culture is the culture of those who are dissatisfied with their place in society. On the whole Teds, Mods, Rockers, Bikers, ...

... prospects. - Why have you chosen history as your future speciality? - I have chosen History as my future profession because I like it. Historians have tried to understand past human lives and societies. All serious historians have been engaged in collecting and recording historical facts. History ...

... other paintings were created by Perov? - Perov was the founding-member of the Wanderers. During the 1870s he created portraits of such outstanding Russian personalities as Alexander Ostrovsky and Fyodor Dostoevsky. Perov's genre paintings of the 1870s present a sympathetic and humorous, rather ...

... for the degree of Candidate of Science. Later in 1953 he defended his Doctorate Thesis and became the member of the Academy of Sciences. A. D. Sakharov was a physicist and he took an active part in developing the hydrogen bomb. He understood that any atomic and nuclear weapons should be banned. ...

... marked the beginning of new changes in Soviet society - chiefly a restructuring (perestroika) of the nation's political and economic systems and a new openness (glasnost) in public discussion, debate, and cultural expression. By the 1990s, reformism had eroded the Communists' grasp on power, both at ...

... critical realism of the "Wanderers" always evoke Vereshchagin's sympathy. He participated in some of their exhibitions. - What is Vereshchagin's best-known work of art? - The best-known work of Vereshchagin's Turkish series is the "Apotheosis of War". It shows a pile of skulls ...

... in her cheeks or lips, but this did not make her any less beautiful. As winter melted into spring, and the weather started getting warmer, Snowmaiden started to behave strangely. She no longer wanted to go outside to play with the other children, and she began to hide in the dark places of the ...

... ) is a completely different word from ma uttered with a low rising tone ('hemp'), which in turn is a completely different word from ma uttered with a high falling tone ('scold'). The words of such a language are likely to be very difficult for a native English speaker to master. In short, no one ...

... do it. My parents usually return home at seven o'clock. We have dinner at seven thirty. After dinner we go to the living room. There we watch TV or talk about the problems of the day. At ten o'clock I go to bed. In the morning I go to school. My school is a three-storied building with a gym and a ...

... books that are not worth even a single reading, while there are others that have numerous layers. Most of all I like to return to the books that 1 have already read every couple of years just to compare in which way my perception of the author and his book has changed. - What are these books? - ...

... competing groups. Young people would not listen alone to their favourite bands; they would rather have a get-together or a party or go to a disco club. The new music styles that appeared in the 1980s were aimed at dancing and disco clubs, thus rhythm and beat became more important than the melody. ...

... important factor is social environment. The profession of the parents often in this or that way influences the future profession of their children. Today we have dynasties of physicians, historians, lawyers, economists, pilots, and military officers. It is impossible to forget about the material ...

... be able to use the Internet, communicate with their partners in other countries, understand films and songs. Unfortunately, there is no universal or ideal method of learning languages. Everybody has his own way. Sometimes it is boring to study grammar or learn new words. But it is well known that ...

... to do sports. Doing exercises is the best way to avoid depression caused by the abnormal rhythm of the contemporary city life. - Do you do anything for keeping fit? - I get up very early. Every morning I do my morning exercises. It takes me forty-five minutes to do them. Once a week I go to the ...

... of the Tolkienists, acting as a little dwarf. Although I am still a great fan of Tolkien's books, I do not think any longer that I should waste my time living an imaginary life in the imaginary world. The world we all are living in is full of wonders. There is always somebody who needs our help. A ...

of counterterrorist operations. The systems shooting from behind a corner have appeared in the weapon market only three months ago. And these systems have been invented by retired colonel of one of the Israeli special forces. Usually the one who shoots itself is a target for the reason that it is ...

... of the most profitable companies on the planet. Anyone of self–respectful businessman would give anything to know his secret. “Business @ the Speed of Thought” is written in the up–beat, bullet–pointed style familiar to anyone who has ever attended a management seminars. Each chapter, for example, ...

... airport – we didn’t wont to go to that resort anymore, because we were quite afraid of even thinking about what would that be alike. So we traveled back with a real plane, which was piloted by a real pilot this time and everything was ok. When I went to see my traveling agent to give him a piec

... seen Swedish medieval fortifications, in Narva you will find those which previously enclosed the town, making it one of the most powerful fortresses in Europe. There are many places in Narva to see. The main sights for those who interested in the history, is visiting the Narva Museum, housed in the ...

d male was 3 to 2. The aim of this research work was to get to know the preferences of our children in toys. Computer games 40% of all the pupils said that they awfully like to play games on their PC’s or video-gaming consoles (like Sony PlayStation or Nintendo, etc.) Mechanical playthings ...

... more terrible is to use untidy and dirty buses on some of the routes in the town. Summing up all the conditions that you have in Estonia, the only words describing nation state situation is “a hope in prosperity” of it. All is just in the future. Maybe inferiority regarding to other well-growing ...

... which are known for their nature trails of various lengths and types. A Russian Old Believer's community is inhabiting the bank of the Lake Peipsi on the Estonian side. Pärnu “Pärnu is a health resort of the joyous, which the state of Estonia may rightfully be proud of and what the ...

... anthropology in the U.S. was spearheaded by a diffuse group of 8-9 degenerationists who were active between 1881 and 1911 (e.g. MacDonald's Criminology , Benedikt's Anatomical Studies upon Brains of Criminals, Talbot's Degeneracy, Lydston's The Diseases of Society, and Parsons' Responsibility for ...